How to Change from Employee to Self-Employed Worker

Changing from the status of an employee to a self-employed worker in Spain is a process that involves certain procedures and legal requirements. In this article, we will break down the necessary steps to make this transition effectively and in accordance with the current immigration legislation.

Prerequisites

Before starting the change process, it is essential to meet certain requirements:

1. Residence and Work Permit: You must have a residence permit that allows you to work in Spain. Ensure that your immigration status is regularized.
2. Experience and Training: It is advisable to have experience or training in the sector you wish to pursue. This is not a legal requirement, but it may facilitate obtaining licenses and permits.

Steps to Change to Self-Employed Worker

1. Prepare a Business Plan

The first step is to develop a solid business plan that defines your economic activity, target market, and financing strategies. This plan will be essential when submitting your application.

2. Request Authorization

To change from an employee to a self-employed worker, you must request a new work authorization as a self-employed individual. This procedure is carried out before the corresponding Public Administration. You will need to present the following documentation:

• Application Form: Complete the EX-1 model, which is used to request residence and work authorizations.
• Business Plan: Submit the previously prepared business plan.
• Identity Documents: A photocopy of your passport and, if applicable, your residence card.
• Proof of Economic Means: Evidence that you have sufficient financial resources to start your activity.
• Opening License: If your activity requires it, submit the opening license or responsible declaration.

3. Submit the Application

Go to the immigration office or the corresponding Government delegation to submit your application. It is important to bring all required documents and to comply with the established deadlines.

4. Wait for the Decision

Once the application is submitted, you will need to wait for the administration’s decision. This process can take between 1 and 3 months, depending on the workload of the office.

5. Registration in the Corresponding Regime

If your application is approved, you must register in the special regime for self-employed workers (RETA) and comply with the corresponding tax and social security obligations.

Conclusion

The process of changing from employee to self-employed worker in Spain requires careful planning and adherence to certain legal requirements. Make sure to have the necessary documentation and follow all the steps to ensure a successful transition.

Written by:
Javier Dominguez
Expert Immigration Lawyer
Publication Date: March 30, 2026

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